Inflammation is the chief causative agent of many chronic diseases including cancer of all origins. Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the third-most common cancer in India and chronic inflammation plays a pivotal role in tumorigenesis. Early diagnosis is the key to better survival of these patients. Targeted prevention and treatment have been promising avenues in oral cancer management. This review sheds a light on the association between inflammation and oral cancer and the biomarkers associated with cancer progression.

For many years and until now, tooth ornaments have been used as ornaments. Trends in dental jewelry right now include twinkles and dazzlers. They often consist of special glass or precious stone covered in an incredibly thin coating of multicarat gold plating. Glass crystals set on a thin layer of aluminum foil make up the tooth gems, which come in a variety of attractive colors. Accessories known as grills are used to mask the wearer's teeth. Gold, silver, or other metals are used to make grills, and the wearer has the option of adding stones to them. A person may occasionally have tooth loss as a result of issues with dental jewelry, such as tooth fracture and gum recession, plaque buildup, aspiration, allergy, or chronic injury to the neighboring teeth or mucosa. However, these problems can be minimized and the tooth gem will remain on the tooth for a longer amount of time if a person practices appropriate oral hygiene. Before inserting such structures, it is essential from a dental standpoint to advise patients of any possible risks and negative effects.

Pedodontists have long sought after a real alternative to basic filling materials, namely amalgam or glass ionomer cements – a cost-effective, fluoride-releasing product that is quick and easy to use without complicated equipment that offers both strength and good esthetics. The use of alkasite material (Cention N) in the clinical field of pediatric dentistry is still in its experimental stages with not much literature available regarding its use. This review article provides insight related to the clinical significance and future of this material in our field.

Introduction: Oral health is a part of the overall health and has a significant impact on both the physical and the psychological state. Dental caries and periodontal disease are the two major oral diseases that affect the human population worldwide. Aim: The aim of the study is to compare the effectiveness of boric acid and chlorhexidine (CHX) irrigation as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis patients visiting VS Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru. Materials and Methodology: A total of 123 subjects were randomly allocated to three groups (group 1 - boric acid, group 2 - CHX, group 3 - distilled water as a control group). The study subjects were assessed for all the clinical parameters at baseline and 1 and 3 months after the intervention. ANOVA test was used to compare the results between the groups. Results: The mean age among group 1 was 50 ± 5.1 years, in group 2 was 49 ± 5.4 years, and in group 3 was 48 ± 7.1 years. There was a significant reduction in plaque scores, gingival scores, and bleeding on probing scores in the boric acid group compared to distilled water group and CHX group at 1 and 3 months after treatment. Probing depths (PDs) and clinical attachment level scores are significantly decreased from baseline level to 1 and 3 months after intervention in the boric acid group compared to the CHX group and distilled water group. Conclusion: Boric acid or CHX can be used effectively in periodontal pockets as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal treatment compared with conventional treatment.

Aim: The purpose of the present study was to compare the efficacy of 1.5% chlorhexidine gel, 0.8% hyaluronic acid gel, and 10% doxycycline gel used as an adjunct to scaling and root planning (SRP) and SRP alone in the management of chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Sixteen patients in the age group of 3060 years suffering from chronic periodontitis were selected for the study and divided into four groups. In Group I, after SRP, chlorhexidine gel (chlosite) was inserted up to the base of the pocket. In Group II and III, doxycycline gel and hyaluronic acid gel, respectively, were inserted up to the base of the pocket after SRP, and Group IV was used as a control. The clinical parameters such as probing pocket depth (PPD), relative attachment level (RAL), and gingival index (GI) were recorded at baseline, 6 weeks, and 3 months. Results: There was statistically highly significant improvement in all the clinical parameters at 6 weeks and 3 months when chlorhexidine, doxycycline, and hyaluronic acid gel were used as an adjunct to SRP. Chlosite group showed statistically significant improvement in PPD and RAL as compared to other groups. With regard to GI, Group I showed a statistically significant reduction when compared to Group III (hyaluronic acid group) and IV (control group). However, the reduction was not statistically significant when compared to Group II (doxycycline group). When doxycycline and hyaluronic acid gel were used as an adjunct to SRP, it resulted in greater improvement in clinical parameters as compared to SRP alone, but the results were not statistically significant. Results were comparable for both drugs.

Background: Sea buckthorn (SBT) (Hippophae rhamnoides, L., Family Elaeagnaceae) is a small orange yellow-to-red–colored fruit, found on high altitudes in several Asian and European countries. SBT is referred to as “wonder plant” as seed oil is rich in Vitamins A, E, K, carotenoids, and phytosterols. SBT pulp is an excellent source of omega-7 fatty acids, while seed oil has high content of omega-3, 6, and 9 fatty acids. There are limited studies to evaluate its effects on periodontal pathogens. Objectives: (i) To evaluate the effect of SBT on clinical parameters (plaque index, gingival bleeding index, pocket depth, and clinical attachment level) in periodontitis patients. (ii) To evaluate the effect of SBT on microbiological parameters, i.e., anaerobic culture for Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) levels before and after nonsurgical therapy in chronic periodontitis patients. (iii) To compare the efficacy of SBT as an adjunct to nonsurgical therapy and nonsurgical therapy alone on Aa. Materials and Methods: A total of 24 patients were randomly allocated to control group (12 patients) that underwent scaling and root planing (SRP alone) and test group (12 patients) that underwent SRP along with intrasulcular SBT thixotropic solution delivery as local drug delivery (SRP + SBT). Clinical and microbial parameters are assessed at baseline and after 1 month. Results: The treatment modality used showed statistically significant improvement in both clinical and microbial parameters in test group compared to the control group. Conclusion: SBT was an effective adjunct in improving the clinical and microbial parameters compared to SRP alone in periodontitis patients.

Aim: With an increasing number of patients with thyroid diseases receiving dental care, dental practitioners should have sufficient knowledge about the gland and the associated pathophysiology to avoid any complications during the treatment. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey of the dental students of different academic years of Baba Jaswant Singh Dental College, Hospital and Research Institute, Ludhiana, was done to determine their knowledge and attitude toward different aspects of thyroid gland using a self-administered questionnaire. Results: A total of 234 students including 46 (20%) males and 188 (80%) females aged 19–32 years (mean ± standard deviation [SD] 23.24 ± 2.92 years) participated in the survey. The mean ± SD knowledge score of students was 60.7 ± 8.4. It increased with dentistry years and was between 51% and 75% reflecting overall good knowledge. However, the knowledge of students of all academic years was significantly more for thyroid gland and its hormones compared to other aspects of the gland. There was no significant difference in the mean knowledge (males 60.2% ± 13.6%, females 60.4% ± 8.8% (P = 0.97) and attitude (males 62.7% ± 18.2%, females 71.4% ± 6.0%) (P = 0.25) of the two sexes. However, a significant association was found between knowledge and attitude of the female students toward thyroid patients. Conclusions: The findings of our study indicate that although the dental students have acceptable knowledge about thyroid gland, its functioning, and its abnormalities, they are devoid of awareness about the biochemical mechanisms behind the disease and the treatment plan which can put their patients at risk.

The aberrant labial frenulum is one of the etiological factors for midline diastema. Such frenulum needs timely detection and early intervention in transition dentition to intercept the developing midline diastema in growing children. A conservative and minimal-invasive approach should be considered for managing the abnormal frenulum in the pediatric age group. This article presents a clinical case report on the successful and effective treatment of aberrant maxillary labial frenulum in a 10-year-old pediatric patient using the diode laser of 808 nm wavelength without infiltrative local anesthesia and sutures. The follow-up evaluation demonstrated optimum healing without any complications. The patient demonstrated cooperation and satisfaction with the laser surgery and its excellent healing outcomes.

Treatment of multiple recession defects on the lingual is challenging owing to the site-specific anatomical features of this region. Surgical approaches based on the use of subepithelial connective tissue grafts are considered the “gold standard” for the treatment but represent various complications and morbidity. Various techniques have been suggested for the treatment of multiple adjacent recessions with less patient discomfort and enhanced esthetics. Advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) has been shown to promote soft-tissue healing. A-PRF is a fibrin matrix network, in which platelets are trapped and release a high amount of growth factors which take part in soft tissue and hard tissue repair and regeneration. The current case report introduces a novel, minimally invasive predictable approach applicable for both isolated as well as multiple defects with the use of the (vestibular incision subperiosteal tunnel access) technique in combination with a multilayered A-PRF membrane.

It is rare to find peripheral intraoral tumors in a male patient. In this case report, a 60-year-old comorbid male patient presented with three intraoral lesions in the buccal mucosa on the left side and also smoker's palate. Excision of three lesions was suggestive of lipoma, giant cell fibroma, and leukoplakia on the histopathological report. Long-term follow-up was advised following excision of the lesions.

Displacement of tooth root into the maxillary sinus and formation of oroantral communication is common complications during extraction of maxillary molars. Herein, we present a unique case of a patient who came with complaints of heaviness over the antrum area which was later found to be due to the presence of zinc oxide-eugenol restorative material in the sinus and was retrieved by direct exploration through existing communication.