Background: Endodontic treatment of immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulp, with or without apical pathosis, poses several clinical challenges. Regenerative endodontics is a promising alternative for the treatment of such immature necrotic permanent teeth. Aim: To assess the regenerative potential of young permanent teeth with necrotic pulps with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and blood clot using radiographic and clinical methods. Settings and Design: This was an experimental, in vivo study comparing the two groups. Materials and Methods: Immature necrotic permanent teeth (n = 14) in patients who belonged to the age group of 10-12 years were selected and divided into two groups. Group 1 was treated by conventional revascularization with blood clot and Group 2 with revascularization using PRF. Follow-up was done for 6 months. Standardized radiographs were analyzed for the periradicular healing and apical closure, and clinical analysis was performed using mobility index as compared to baseline values. Statistical Analysis Used: Results were analyzed using Friedman test, Wilcoxon test, and Mann-Whitney U-test. Results: There was increased periradicular healing and apical closure at 3 months and 6 months in Group 2 (PRF) when compared to Group 1 (conventional). Conclusions: Revascularization with PRF procedure leads to better and faster healing, reduced radiolucency, enhanced apical closure, and reduction in mobility of necrotic immature teeth.

Background: Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) technologies have been shown to significantly support alveolar bone. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of rhBMP-2 following periodontal flap surgery in vertical defects on clinical and radiological parameters. Methods: A randomized double-blind controlled trial was carried out, wherein rhBMP-2 was used in the test group after open flap debridement (OFD). The control group was only OFD. The same examiner carried out both clinical and radiographic measurements at baseline, 6 and 9 months. Results: In rhBMP-2 + OFD sites, the probing pocket depth reduction was 1.45 ± 0.76, 2.50 ± 0.69 at 6 months and 9 months, respectively (both P < 0.001) and clinical attachment gain was 0.92 ± 0.76, 1.31 ± 0.48 at 6 months, and 9 months, respectively (both P < 0.001). Radiographic fill was 1.14 ± 0.73, 1.85 ± 0.83 at 6 months, and 9 months postoperatively (P < 0.001) and percentage of original defect resolved at 6 and 9 months was 40.2 ± 18.6, 60.1 ± 15.8, respectively. Conclusions: The periodontal therapy can include rhBMP-2 to enhance periodontal regeneration. The clinical and radiographic improvement are demonstrated in this study.

Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), milk derivative helps in remineralization of the carious lesion by replenishing lost minerals like calcium, phosphate ions into the tooth structure. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have proven that CPP-ACP to be useful in the treatment of white spot lesions, early childhood caries, dental erosion, root caries, and dentin hypersensitivity. CPP-ACP is delivered in the form of oral hygiene products such as chewing gum, tooth cream, and even incorporated in dental restorative materials also.

Plasmacytoma is a monoclonal neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells of unknown etiology, presenting as a solitary discrete mass either in soft tissue as extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) or in bone as solitary bone plasmacytoma or as disseminated multiple myeloma (MM). EMP is a very rare manifestation, accounting for approximately 3% of all plasma cell neoplasms and <1% of all head and neck malignancies, with oral cavity being the rarest. We hereby report a series of three unusual cases of EMP, involving buccal mucosa, hard palate, and right retromolar trigone, rarely reported in literature, treated with definite radiotherapy after immunohistochemical studies confirmed the diagnosis. At present, patients are on regular follow-up without evidence of progression to MM. This series is presented with review of literature to highlight the extremely uncommon sites in head and neck where this disease entity can manifest, thus posing a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma for treating physicians.

Women go through several stages in their life as directed by their hormonal responses and the environmental factors. Pregnancy is considered as one of those golden phases of a woman's life cycle in which they seem to be very sensitive to stimulants. Pregnancy tumor is one of the most common oral manifestations in pregnant females wherein a gingival enlargement resembling pyogenic granuloma arises even due to minor stimuli. Here, it is a report of four cases of pregnancy tumor in different sextants of the oral cavity presenting in diverse fashions, which resolved after professional care.

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a group of hereditary disorders that affect the quality and/or quantity of dental enamel. Hypoplastic AI can occur per se or in a variety of ectodermal syndromes and metabolic disorders. Enamel renal syndrome (ERS) is a very rare disorder associating hypoplastic AI with nephrocalcinosis. Since nephrocalcinosis is often asymptomatic, the orodental findings and dental radiographic features play a key role in the diagnosis of this extremely rare inherited disorder. This paper describes the orodental manifestations of ERS in siblings who were born of consanguineous parents.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignant neoplasm of the salivary glands. Although it is a slow-growing malignant tumor, it carries a poor prognosis due to aggressive nature of tumor and a high rate of recurrence. It usually affects elderly patients, and the peak incidence is in the fifth and sixth decades with a female preponderance. Perineural invasion along cranial nerves is a pathognomonic feature of ACC and is believed to be responsible for the high rate of local recurrence. Surgery is the treatment of choice, but some cases may require radiation therapy after surgery. Rarely, chemotherapy may also be required to control the disease. This report pertains to a rare case of ACC of the upper lip managed by excision and primary reconstruction of the lip with gratifying postoperative results.

Emphasis on facial esthetics has become an integral part of dental treatment. Facial paralysis of permanent nature affects the prosthetic outcome. Providing complete denture therapy to such patients is challenging. These patients frequently suffer from the ongoing diminution of denture foundation, the loss of support of facial musculature. In this clinical report, an attempt has been made to alter denture design and dimensions to improve esthetics, function, retention, and stability. Here, a completely edentulous hemiparalytic patient has been rehabilitated with an innovative, simple, cost-effective, and noninvasive treatment using detachable cheek plumper to support flaccid musculature.